

In most cases, Google can assess which links to trust without additional guidance, so most normal or typical sites will not need to use this tool. We recommend that you disavow backlinks only if you believe you have a considerable number of spammy, artificial, or low-quality links pointing to your site, and if you are confident that the links are causing issues for you. If used incorrectly, this feature can potentially harm your site’s performance in Google’s search results. This is an advanced feature and should only be used with caution. On Google’s own disavow page they are quite clear with when the disavow tool should be used – However, they do love a contradiction, particularly when there is an opportunity for propaganda or making up for the inefficiencies in their own algorithms. We often hear from Google that you shouldn’t focus on ‘links’ and you just need to create ‘great content’. Google themselves have changed their documentation over time to reflect that negative SEO is not impossible, but it is difficult.

I have seen enough evidence that this can be an issue, although I still believe it’s generally highly unlikely. However, there is no argument that negative SEO is entirely possible, particularly when used against new websites that lack history and trust, smaller link profiles or those with just less reputation. While there is no doubt that links can harm you, whenever someone brings up negative SEO, I generally find that the overwhelming majority of these claims are actually unfounded and often due to previous link building practices. These changes heightened fear around the potential of someone being able to build links specifically to harm a websites organic performance.

However, as their algorithms evolved over the past 5 years and more recently with the introduction of Penguin in April 2012 and increase in manual actions, links can certainly hurt your organic visibility. Historically links were often either counted or ignored by Google in their scoring.
